Gabriel Garcia Marquez Essay

Many authors like to write fantasy novels, stories that detached themselves from reality, novels that tell us about magic, parallel dimensions, between others. But even in these fictional stories there is still the presence of the universal themes that can be touched not only in this kind of novels but also in the simpler ones, themes like the fight between good and evil, love, between others. There are also the authors that actually mix the fantasy and the reality to a point that it is really hard to see the difference between them, Gabriel Garcia Marquez is said to be the father of this gender called â€Å"Magic Realism†, he said that the reason that he sees the world in that particular way of his, is because of the persons that raised him when he was really young â€Å"He was made by the sententious, worldly, rationalized tone of his grandfather and the premonitory and supernatural exclamations of his grandmother seasoned by his unique humor, with this he would be capable of making a new vision of the world† (Gerald Martin 41). And even in this extraordinary vision we can still catch the reality like when he speaks about the natural oppression that exists in the countries of Latin America, when he talks about the 1000 days the conflict that actually won the independence of Colombia from Panama an event that his grandfather love to tell him about after all he fought in this war and lose in it, also he talks about the massacre in the United Fruit Company a really striking episode on Colombian history. We can also catch his own reality, we can appreciate in his writings all of those special and striking memories that were kept in him, the one that made a mark on the man he became, in the stories there is not only memories there is also characters based on members of his own family and also towns based on the ones of his childhood and we are not only talking about how he used Aracataca to create Macondo, there is also the mention of how he uses Sucre to describe a place that he really despised. So we are going to explore how Gabriel Garcia Marquez used parts of his life to write his famous stories. First of all in his autobiography Garcia Marquez talks about how his grandfather used to drag him around Aracataca (the small town where he lived most of his childhood) and while he was at this he create a bunch of memorable moments that he would immortalize in his novels. This memory, the one were the grandfather takes the kid to meet new things is very repetitive even the own author says it â€Å"I had a bunch of mages but the one were the old man takes the kid by the hand is the most vivid one† this one is used in two of his novels in the â€Å"Leaf Storm† when the father takes the son to a funeral and also in his Nobel Prize winner Novel One Hundred Years of Solitude when the father takes the kids to see the ice, in the book he uses his own impression when Aureliano Buendia says â€Å"It’s Burning† (Garcia Marquez). Another one of those memories is the one about the Belgian that lived in Aracataca that committed suicide by inhalation of cyanide, â€Å"He drag me to the house of the Belgian†¦ The first thing that shock me was the smell of the cyanide that the Belgian had used to committed suicide† (Gabriel Garcia Marquez). This story is represented also in two of his novels in â€Å"The Leaf Storm† where he is the doctor united with the Venezuelan pharmacist Alfredo Barbosa; the other one is in the novel Love in the Time of Cholera where he is Jeremiah de Saint-Amour (Gerald Martin). Another one of the moments that make a big impact in his life was while he lived in Venezuela, by the time Garcia Marquez lived in the country Marcos Perez Jimenez a dictator was in the power, he start to ask himself why did so many people find it attractive to have a dictator in the power , after all it wasn’t an uncommon characteristic in the many countries of Latin America to have a dictator, the impressive thing was that only a month after Garcia Marquez moved to Caracas (the capital of Venezuela) there was a movement against the president that finally took him out of the power, it was the first time a dictator had been taken of the power in Latin America. This fact was what inspired him to write â€Å"Autumn of the Patriarch† a story that talks about an eternal dictator, he based this character in real-life autocrats like Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, Francisco Franco and Juan Vicente Gomez. Many of the characters in his stories are based in real-life persons not only in famous characters like the autocrats in the â€Å"Autumn of the Patriarch† but also people of his own family. The first character and one of the most obvious one would be Jose Arcadio Buendia one of the characters of his most famous novel â€Å"One Hundred Years of Solitude† Jose Arcadio Buendia married to Ursula Iguaran was an adventurous man that took his wife from of what all that they knew to a mysterious place, he was always looking for new hobbies to entertain himself and because of this he ended up lacking as a father, this is a clear mirror of the father of the author a men who would constantly travel looking for adventures, moving the family from one city to another to look for a way to make business and easy money, always leaving the care of his own children to other persons, most of the time to his in-laws and because of that the relationship with his children wasn’t really good. Another one would be Ursula Iguaran a women full of character and a strong command, a person who loved her supernatural beliefs and would do anything to sustain her family, in this character there is the reflection of two persons of great importance in the life of the author one of them would be his grandmother Tranquilina Iguaran (obviously this is where the last name comes from) this one gave the character her belief for the supernatural, her being very superstitious even when this characteristic is very common in older people even today they still carry this kind of fears, maybe because this fears also come from the strong feeling they have for their religion (mostly catholic) another common trait in Latin American society, the other one would be his mother Luisa Marquez while at the beginning of his life he didn’t have a strong vincula with his mother after all she left him to be raised by her parents (even when this was very common back in those days) but after Gabriel Ga rcia start living with her many years later there would be a time when she was variably able to feed all of the children but she pull through and by this time she made a strong bond with her son, so the strong will of Luisa Marquez was represented in Ursula Iguaran. There is also Florentino Ariza a character of his novel Life in Times of Cholera this one was based on a mix between the author Garcia Marquez and his father Gabriel Eligio, while the character was a person who didn’t seem to notice the levels that make him different from others and was always trying to reach to this ones like Gabriel Eligio there is also the fact that Florentino Ariza was a telegraphist like Gabriel Eligio, also there is a part in the novel where Fermina Darza’s father tries to separate them by sending Fermina (Florentinos’s love interest) to visit her family to another town this actually happened to Luisa and Gabriel Eligio, Luisa’s father try to separate them by sending Luisa out of Aracataca. While from the author Florentino took the dreamer the passion for writing, in the book Florentino wrote many letters to her something that the own author did with his wife Mercedes. There is also Fermina Daza a mix of Mercedes and Tachia (a lover of Garcia Marquez), Fermina was represented for being secure of her way of being, straightforward and down to earth quite the opposite of Florentino. While the doctor Juvenal Urbino was a representation of everything the author hated and envied of the high class people of Cartagena in this character there was even a bit of Gabriel Eligio with his petulant and Self-confident character and it was also notable a bit of his Granfather in Juvenal.

Cyber Bullying, Its Forms, Impact, and Relationship to Juvenile Delinquency Essay

Technology has brought tremendous changes to human lives. It literally changes everything. The start of the new millennium has brought remarkable changes in global perspectives. The idea of unknown possibility and unexplored world landscape vanished. In a sense the huge world, which people can thought was so vast that one cannot travel from one end to the other without spending one’s generation, shrank. According to Mapue, (2006), societies grew from interactional to isolated populace where each spends most of his time sitting in front of a computer. With the advent of such revolution the concept of Cyberspace was born and with it, the lives of the people and how they interact with one another correspondingly and dramatically changed. Cyberspace has brought tremendous changes to human lives since its emergence. Gibson (1982) in his short story ‘Burning Chrome’ coined the term ‘cyberspace’ to a computer generated virtual reality. According to him, cyberspace is the name of a real non-space world, which is characterized by the ability for virtual presence of and interaction between, people through ‘icons, waypoints and artificial realities’. Through the Internet major development paves way in society. The Internet creates new ways for citizens to communicate, come together, and share information of a social nature. It is obvious that the Internet has and will continue to change the way people live. Every day, the Internet expands by the social, political, and economic activities of people all over the world, and its impact can be seen everywhere. In this present time there is no geographical separation or borders that can hinder people to communicate elsewhere. All people now can participate and contribute drawing on their experiences and resources. In cyberspace, actions and reactions are essentially instantaneous, and this is why the Internet is so gratifying and attractive. This is why it has impacted society in almost all areas of human endeavor. As in any other field in life there are the negative aspects that the Internet has brought to humans. The digital era has promised users the potential to access information anywhere at any time. When the state adopted the Bill of Rights guaranteeing that â€Å"Congress shall make no law †¦ abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press,† few people have foreseen that any person of modest means could publish something that is accessible to the entire world (via the world wide web) to be read or viewed by potentially hundreds of millions (Edlemm, 2010). The Internet now permeates the lives of all humans. With the help of it, an individual can access any information that he may want in the same way that he can post or upload anything in the cyberspace. Truly internet activity is now part of human’s life. It enables man to become powerful in a way that he can access, control, and manipulate the internet as well as the information. Ironically, while many are enjoying the benefit of the internet it also gives others the chance to abuse it and use gain personal benefits by victimizing others.

Crowd-funding web sites are growing rapidly and have become one of the Essay

Crowd-funding web sites are growing rapidly and have become one of the newest ways of raising funds for various purposes - Essay Example Examples of these websites include: Kickstarter which finances creative projects, IndieGoGo which finances a wide range of ideas and new startups and rocket hub. Discussion The above three crowd-funding are elaborated here: Kickstarter: This is a financial site for inventive projects ranging from games, films as well as music  to art, technology and design. In this avenue each project creator is solely setting his project's financial support goal and deadline (Holden & Finlayson 2005).  If the project is liked by the people, they can guarantee money to facilitate it happen.  Given the project does well  in achievement its backing goal, every backer credit card is charged  on expiry of the time whereas if it fails to achieve its goal no one is charged thus funding in site is all-or-nothing. All items on Kickstarter have to be projected with clear goals and deliverables because it does not allow charity, cause or fund me projects. As (Huzel & Huang 1992) argues, Backers of th ese projects come from its fans and friends and also from blogs, Press, Facebook, Twitter, and Kickstarter itself. A sponsor of these projects obtains a close look at the creative process, and thus ensures that project comes to life. They can select from a range of distinctive rewards given by the project initiator which range from a copy of whatever is being produced e.g. a DVD, CD, book or a skill unique to that project. 100% ownership of the project remains with the creators. For successfully funded projects Kickstarter charges a 5% fee to the finances collected. Processing fees for US-based project done Amazon payments and those for non-US ones done through a third-party payment processor amount to 3-5% (Lawton & Marom 2013). Indiegogo: This  is a multinational  crowd-funding  website whose main aim is to help individuals raise money for their personal projects. It has the same layout as Kickstarter though one can start any project even charity donations (Maguire 2012). Th e flexible funding plan has been developed to help backers receive the money even if the project fails to reach its funding goal though a higher fee charges are levied for this. Its founders are: Danae Ringelmann, Slava Rubin, and Eric Schell in the year 2008. The web site's structure gives users an interface to do the following: create their own page for funding campaigns, set up a  PayPal account, draft "perks" for various levels of engagements and then publicize it in the social media like  Twitter, Facebook and other similar platforms. Indiegogo charges a levy of 4% for every fund raised, and a 3% fee for credit card processing, plus an extra $25 wire fee to non-U.S campaigns (Rauf 2014). In case members had applied for the Flexible Funding plan and the campaign fails to attain its goal, Indiegogo charges 9% of the fund, but all the same get to take the outstanding balance away. Unlike other similar websites e.g.  Kickstarter, Indiegogo releases the money immediately, when the donations are collected via the user's PayPal accounts (Neiss, Best & Cassady-Dorion 2013). Indiegogo also gives a straight credit card settlement acceptance via their portal. Those contributions are given up to the second week after the completion of a campaign.

Examine the new policies proposed to solve the financial and sovereign Essay

Examine the new policies proposed to solve the financial and sovereign debt crisis in Europe. Your report should include a brief - Essay Example Understanding complex economic relationship in layman’s view point will be the crux of this essay. In the third part, the study will analyze proposed solution for resolving sovereign debt crisis in terms of advantages and disadvantages for countries with high credit ratings. In the last section, the essay will summarize the personal view of the researcher on sovereign debt crisis. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Sovereign Debt Crisis 4 Banking System and Sovereign Debt Crisis 5 Analysis of Proposed Solution for Solving Sovereign Debt Crisis 9 Reference 11 Appendices 13 Introduction The essay will try to shed some light on new policies which are being proposed to solve the financial and sovereign debt crisis in Europe. The essay will try to analyze these policies in terms of their capability of resolving sovereign debt crisis. Aim of this report to analyze real underlying problems related to sovereign debt crisis. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2011) has reported that European banking sector failure and sovereign debt crisis is correlated; hence the study has the scope to analyze issues related to sovereign debt crisis on the ground of banking sector failure in Europe. Sovereign Debt Crisis Research scholars such as Barr (2010) have stated that sovereign debt crisis started during 2009 in Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain or PIIGS economies. Boyes (2009) and Gross (2009) have stated that fiscal deficit of PIIGS economies was increased during 2009 as a result of sovereign debt crisis. Papadimas and Graham (2010) have stated that sovereign debt crisis was triggered due to high borrowing costs for Euro zone countries. Lynn (2010) has defined sovereign debt crisis as financial crisis which created problems for some European countries to re-finance or repay government debt without taking support from third party. Generally, economic performance of European countries is determined by their ability to settle their external debt obligation, level of fiscal deficit of a country is determined by country’s sovereign debt default risk (Pescartori and Sy, 2004). In such situation, if a country fails to repay external borrowings from international market with the help of issuance of bonds then economic growth of that country is bound to get hampered. Banking System and Sovereign Debt Crisis Regulation Economists have stated that European banks underpriced the risks which have contributed significantly to sovereign debt crisis. Risk-weighted asset optimisation of banks nullified the significance of Tier 1 ratio which is amended by Basel rules. Prior to sovereign debt crisis, banks were allowed to use internal derivatives to decrease risk associated with assets but unfortunately majority of European banks failed control leverage risks which was associated with rise of funding problems. In Europe, many of the banks tried to form capital market banking system in order to decrease risk asso ciated with high leverage ratio (Mody (2009); Gerlach et al (2010); Goldman Sachs Global Economics, 2010; and CGFS-BIS,2011). For example, investors went for short and long credit in capital market which increased risk for banks. Lack of efficient regulatory framework not only increased risks for banks but leveraged risk for investors also. Multilayer Relation Mouchakkaa (2012), who is Executive Director of Morgan Stanley Investment Management, has pointed out that â€Å"

The concept of Strategic Planing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

The concept of Strategic Planing - Essay Example As explained by Creswell & Clark (2007), research is conducted to gain the missing information and knowledge that is needed to solve a problem. There are various techniques available to conduct researches. This report aims at understanding in detail one of the methods – Qualitative research. Before moving into the meaning of qualitative research, it is important to cite the available methods. These methods include qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods (Jobber, 2004). David Jobber (2004) highlights in his book the need for market research. Jobber has highlighted the importance of market research and has also emphasizes on how the research provides for accurate and correct results. Jobber (2004) also discusses that the results will help gain the view point of both the company as well as the customers. The information gained from these researches allows the companies to incorporate the suggestions and feedback into the daily processes and thereby improve the overall business making them more successful. A research design strategy is one which includes collection, measuring and analysis of data. â€Å"Quantitative versus qualitative research methods—two approaches to organization studies† (Lee, 1992). The quantitative research method is a conventional method to study organizations and is considered objective. Qualitative research has been noted to be subjective and descriptive, â€Å"its legitimacy often needs to be proven in organization studies† (p. 87). It is apparent that qualitative research methods differ from quantitative research methods. Cooper and Schindler (2008) defined qualitative research as an collection of interpretive practices that describe, decode and translate the meaning of naturally occurring phenomena in the social world. This means that qualitative research is subjective and deals with words. In contrast, quantitative research has a cause and effect association and deals

Victorian internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Victorian internet - Essay Example The telecommunication we have today is an extension of that breakthrough. In his book, Standage goes in to detail about how that early form of communication was similar to the one we have today. Telegraph gave way to what we could call as ‘the first online dating service’. Telegraph operators would use the service for their own personal use and soon to follow were the first ‘online affairs’. The Victorian internet had social, political and economic implications. The telegraph was the first ever network.  Its growth during the time is comparable to the growth the modern day internet saw during the 1990’s.  This growth gave rise to competition.  Patents for proprietary property were as important then as they are today. Also, both the eras saw massive investments followed by explosive growth.   (Book Review: The Victorian Internet, 2007) Security and privacy are 2 of the biggest concerns when it comes to telecommunication. Today we have firewalls, logins, passwords and encryption. These existed back then as well, in fact, that is when it all began. Concerns about lines, routes, wires and operators existed even back then. The telegraph created the first ever online social network, with telegraph operators being a part of an exclusive group of people with their own short-hand jargon compared to the one that exists today in e-mails, instant messaging etc. both the internet and the telegraph of the 19th century can be compared to in terms of defying distance. It served its primary purpose which was the transfer of news and information faster than anything at the time or that had existed in the recent past, like land and sea-routes. It changed the notion that nothing could reach a ship’s destination faster than the ship it self. (Review of "The Victorian Internet", by Tom Standage) Many would say that the telegraph failed at one of its

Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Accounting - Essay Example The company was started in 1939 and currently holds the 9th rank in the fortune 500 companies, as of 2009. The company has its headquarters in Palo Alto, Calif. The company’s total revenue as of July 2008 has been calculated to be whooping $113.1 billion. The company elected Mark Hurd as the CEO and President of the company on 29 March 2005. Since then Hurd has been working aggressively to ensure the company reaches higher levels of success. He has made a number of changes to the organization in terms of the culture, structure and the controls used. The main products of Hewlett Packard include Personal Computers, Laptops, Printers, Scanners and other utilities. The company also develops the software necessary for running its products such as the printers, scanners, webcams, etc (HP). The company’s code is HPQ in the NYSE. The company has moved up from the 14th position in the Fortune 500 to the 9th position. The company has seen a high level of increase in the revenue a nd earning, as much as 13% and 15% respectively. HP has been the leaders in core technology areas. The company has three main business groups, i.e. The personal Systems Group – deals with the business and consumer PCs and also with mobiles and computing devices, b) The Imaging and Printing Group – Deals with inkjet, LaserJet, supplies for printing, and many more and c) the Technology Solutions Group – which mainly deals with the business products like storage, servers and managed

You Are What You Eat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

You Are What You Eat - Essay Example It is no longer dominated by small, carefully-run family farms producing some wheat, corn, dairy and perhaps eggs and poultry fed and being raised in a free-running farm area., but rather, it is dominated and run by huge multinational food processing companies whose aim is to make more profit and compete for a global position in terms of the best companies. These companies forget that they are dealing with nourishment products for the health of millions of Americans and therefore be more cautious and humane in the food they produce and even how they produce and package it.In their greediness to expand their business, these food companies engage in lying behaviors and techniques since they are aware that majority of the people are ignorant when buying food from supermarkets and others have no clue of the nutritional content and simply trust the company or the product in the supermarket. The lies are therefore numerous and they often start here during production and even transportation and preservation. If you look at a tomato, you may think of a green ripened vegetable that is going to nourish your body and you may feel pretty optimistic purchasing this item to eat or sharing it with your family. In actuality, that is more like a concept of a tomato. By this I mean this tomato may have been picked days earlier in another country by migrant farmers- before it was ripe. Then ripped by ethylene gas, shipped off in a semi-truck soaked with more toxic chemicals and now sits under fluorescent lights.

Siddhartha Definition Essay Example for Free

Siddhartha Definition Essay Siddhartha, in the awakening, learns that the life of pleasure isn’t always the best life. In fact the life of pleasure can always bring you pain and sometimes more suffering. Siddhartha had to learn that the hard way because he felt disgusted in himself of what he had become. Just as Siddhartha was about to suicide he heard a voice. He heard the ancient holy word â€Å"Om†. Just from that word his whole life changed. Siddhartha also learned that there was more to the world then having pleasure and goods and that that the world was a beautiful piece of work. Siddhartha learned from the river who he really was and that he shouldn’t just give up because of a mistake, Siddhartha learned that he has to learn from it and take his mistake as an experience. The only way to succeed in life is to have experiences and learn from your mistakes. Although Siddhartha learned something from the river, he still needs to learn more and he does as he meets the ferry man. Siddhartha learned to love the river and treat the river with respect. The river saved him from his death and Siddhartha shall be with the river at all times. The river taught him how to become patient again and helped him awaken from his bad period of time. The river was also Siddhartha’s turning point in because Siddhartha was about to give up and just throw away his goal but he realized his mistake and became a new Siddhartha. The river was a similar to a teacher, it taught Siddhartha more and more about the world so much that his knowledge on the world expanded even more. Siddhartha took things more serious because everything the river taught him, he didn’t judge like his old teachers, he listened and trust the river’s knowledge. Siddhartha taught me a lot of new knowledge and wisdom. Although all the chapters taught me something, the one that taught me the most was the awakening. The Awakening taught me that making a mistake is one thing, but learning from it is another thing and that it is the key to success in life. How I learned this is that Siddhartha had to do all those things to reach Nirvana. Siddhartha also taught me that listening and patience can help you in life because if u can’t listen or be patient, then you won’t get anywhere in life. This novel taught me that you can’t learn anything, if you haven’t tried it out. Meaning if you want become good at a game, you have to try it out. Although the life of pleasure is beneficial, it’s not always the best idea because it  can bring you much pain and suffering because once you lose it, you won’t be able to get it back and that you have to learn how to live without it. When Siddhartha was about to give up and die, but learned from his mistake, it inspired me because it taught me that I shouldn’t give up without a fight. Meaning that even if times are worst, I shouldn’t give up without trying because I would never know the result if I did tried. It also inspired me because it means that I should try harder and harder in school and become successful when I grow up. Another chapter that taught me something is â€Å"The Son†. It taught me that I should act like a spoil little brat and shouldn’t disrespect my parents, because my parents have to go through a lot to keep me who I am and how I live today. Siddhartha reminds me of my dad, although he yells and put me down, he does it because he loves me and wants me to become successful. If my dad didn’t do all those things, I would become another Siddhartha Jr. but worst. This novel inspired me to read more and more novels like this, because there are always morals and lessons that are being taught throughout the story. I hope we read more novels like Siddhartha because it keeps me thinking and it keeps motivated to try harder in life and school.

The Fall of the House of Usher Essay Example for Free

The Fall of the House of Usher Essay The narrator is a very altruistic character in â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher†. He sincerely cares about Rodrick, even though his friend is slightly mentally insane, which creates a very complex relationship between the souls. Although the narrator initially intends to save Roderick from his own demise, he was forced to reject Rodrick as Mr. Usher was the source of his own torment. The narrator originally earnestly desires to go to Rodrick’s house. In the text, the narrator talks of Rodrick as having â€Å"an earnest desire to see me, as his best, and indeed his only personal friend, with a view of attempting, by the cheerfulness of my society, some alleviation of his malady † (Poe 1). The narrator uses the words â€Å"desire†, â€Å"cheerfulness†, and â€Å"friend† to describe how Rodrick contacts him. The word choice that the narrator uses can be grouped together as â€Å"happy† words, just like in a usual relationship. The happiness proves that the narrator still believes that him and Rodrick are friends, even though he has not met Rodrick in years and that he wants to save Mr. Usher from his own demise. However, Rodrick quickly forces the narrator to lose his aura of happiness. Rodrick unnerves the narrator throughout the text to the point where the narrator gave up on Rodrick, which is apparent through the use of disheartening words. In the text, the narrator describes Rodrick as having â€Å"A cadaverousness of complexion ; an eye large, liquid, and luminous beyond comparison (Poe 2). The usage of the word â€Å"cadaverousness† alludes to death, and the usage of â€Å"luminous† makes Mr. Usher seem mysterious. Mysteriousness and death are common words to portray someone beyond repair. By using this kind of wording, Poe is revealing the narrator is disgusted by the new Rodrick. The disgust leads the narrator to rejection. The narrator is rejecting of Rodrick. In the text, the narrator states â€Å"His action was alternately vivacious and sullen. His voice varied rapidly from a tremulous indecision hich may be observed in the lost drunkard, or the irreclaimable eater of opium † (Poe 2). Poe uses the words â€Å"tremulous†, â€Å"drunkard†, and â€Å"opium† to describe Rodrick. A synonym for â€Å"tremulous† is â€Å"quavering†, which is a word that describes a voice during a lie. â€Å"Opium† and â€Å"drunkard† are words related to addictive vices, which cause people to lie. Lying causes people to not trust the liar, which leads to rejection. The rejection allows the narrator to let his conscious remain free. To keep his conscious alive, he has to rid himself of the dirtiness. The narrator must â€Å" wipe his hands clean† of Rodrick to be able to continue living. The narrator realizes that Rodrick is the source of his own problems. In the text, it states â€Å"But, as I placed my hand upon his shoulder, there came a strong shudder over his whole person ; a sickly smile quivered about his lips ; and I saw that he spoke in a low, hurried, and gibbering murmur, as if unconscious of my presence. Bending closely over him, I at length drank in the hideous import of his words † (Poe 6). The diction used has much hurt and anguish. The hurt exists because the narrator notices that his friend is doomed. The narrator also uses the words â€Å"shudder†, â€Å"hideous†, and â€Å"sickly† to describe how Rodrick acts. The word choice that the narrator uses emphasizes that Rodrick is doomed. The pain of seeing his best friend in this situation would force any reasonable man, such as the narrator, to â€Å"wipe his hands clean†. The narrator originally intends to save Rodrick, but once he sees what state Rodrick is in, he realizes all hope is lost. He is sincerely pleased to see Rodrick when the letter first comes and believes that their relationship will be like it once was, until he met Rodrick in person. He cares about Rodrick, but realizes that Mr. Usher is doomed. He is disgusted by the â€Å"new† Rodrick and rejects him. He understands he must â€Å"wipe his hands clean†. The narrator has a very intricate relationship with his old friend Rodrick Usher.

Individual Scholarly Paper of the Coat of Arms

Individual Scholarly Paper of the Coat of Arms The purpose of this paper is to discuss the qualities chosen in our groups Coat of Arms assignment and why these qualities represent Nursing. Knowledge, communication, critical thinking, caring, advocacy, and leadership are the qualities being chosen in the Coat of Arms assignment. The components and symbols of the Coat of Arms will also be explained at the final part of this paper First of all, knowledge is the essential building block of the art of nursing. Knowledge helps a nurse think critically and make decisions during their practice. There are two types of knowledge: empirical and particular knowledge. A nurse acquires empirical knowledge at school which includes knowledge of anatomy, physiology, path physiology, and epidemiology. Empirical knowledge can be applied directly to patients. Particular knowledge is unique to each patient situation. For example, if a patient has kidney failure, according to empirical knowledge a nurse would suggest the patient have a kidney transplant. On the other side, the nurse understands the patients religion makes the patient reluctant to have any organs transplantation, therefore the nurse would establish different nursing interventions for the patient. Through lifelong learning, a nurse will be able to acquire more nursing knowledge and this will help them excel in their practice (Cooper,2001). Communication is another important quality of nursing. It is important that a nurse use communication skills to establish a therapeutic relationship with his or her patients. Through actively listening and inquiry a nurse can find out clients needs and identify goals. The nurse then must communicate that information back to her patient and begin establishing realistic expectations of recovery. Nurses also work with many other coworkers so effective communication is key to maintaining an effective health care team (Potter Perry, 2009). Critical thinking emphasizes the use of logic and reasoning to make decisions. This is an important quality in nursing because during the care of patients, nurses are constantly making decisions that affect patient well being.(Forneris  1  Ã‚  McAlpine, 2009) For instance, Mrs. Smith, a 50 year old woman comes to see a nurse with a swollen right knee. The nurse has to thinking critically to find the cause of Mrs. Smiths injured knee. The nurse will ask questions related to Mrs. Smiths previous health problems to determine what led to the injured knee, and for her to rank the pain from 0 to 10. After Mrs. Smith responds, the nurse has to analyze the data and might explain to Mrs. Smith that she may apply some ointment to help with the pain along with doing endurance exercises. Two weeks later, Mrs. Smith is asked to come back to see if the exercise and ointment helped. Critical thinking helps nurses identify patients unique problems and assist nurses with planning for a special nu rsing intervention for the patient and evaluate if the treatment given to clients have been effective. Caring is important for nursing because caring behavior shown by a nurse can make patients optimistic and speed up their healing process. Caring behavior also shows that nurses have a connection with the patient and makes the patient feel that he is not alone. By having a nurse using knowledge tailored to care for them, patients can gain a sense of comfort. Moreover, according to Watson, a caring relationship and caring environment can promote human dignity and integrity, empower patients self awareness and self knowledge which will affect healing positively (Watson, 2005). In the health care system, patients are vulnerable because their physical condition is less than optimal and they do not have the knowledge that health care professionals have regarding the treatment they receive. This creates an unequal power between the health care system and the patient. Therefore it is nurses obligation to be an advocate for their patients needs and speak out for the patient for the most ideal intervention, especially where there is a dispute among the health care team (Steefel,2008). Leadership is important to nursing because it is a quality that ensures and promotes the best nursing care to the general public. When a nurse finds an inappropriate situation in the health care system which could cause harm to the public, a nurse with leadership characteristics would step out and actively solve the problem in order to protect the public interest. A nurse with leadership qualities can also demonstrate and educate other new nurses about nursing integrity and professionalism. A nurse leader can work in the health care unit and use her knowledge to direct other health care members to solve conflicts within the health care system, ensuring that the public can enjoy better health care service (CNO,2002). The six symbols in our groups coat of arm are puzzle pieces, a torch, a sheep skin scroll, a heart with hands of different race , a book with key, and a balance. All the symbols are sitting on an aqua coloured shield. There is a pink shell with four pearls at the apex of the shield. In the middle of the shield is a hexagon combined with two triangles connecting all six symbols on the coat of arms. There are also two brown wooden ladders on each side of the shield. Puzzle pieces are a symbol of critical thinking. It is because a person has to think carefully to put all the puzzle pieces together. It is just like how nurses think critically to put all the pieces of patient information together and analyze them in order to provide appropriate care to the patient. The torch symbolizes leadership. The person who holds the torch takes initiative to walk in front of the crowd and uses the light to guide the followers. The scroll is a symbol of communication since in the ancient times, Kings communicated over long distances by writing messages on a scroll and sending it to his officials. A heart with hands of different races symbolizes caring, as nurses care for others including patients and their family members, regardless of their background and race. The book with key symbolizes knowledge. The key helps people open the doors of knowledge. The balance is a symbol of advocacy because nurses have to be an advocate for their clients and to help balance the power between vulnerable patients and health care professionals. The ladders symbolize Benners five stages of skill acquisition a nurse will undergo, from novice to expert. In conclusion, my understanding of nursing has changed by become more rounded since fall. Before I thought nursing simply means to take care of the problem affecting patients, but now I understand that nurses take care of the patients overall well being. Doing so properly requires all of the skills described in this essay.

Aggressive Children in the School Enviornment Essay -- Special Educati

Many children come to school with behavior problems that impede their learning and disrupt the learning of other children. As early as preschool as many as twenty-five percent of children demonstrate problematic behaviors which place them at risk for future negative school experiences (Conroy, Sutherland, Haydon, Stormont, Harmon, 2009). These children exhibit aggression, defiance, bullying of others, poor work habits, and acting out in class. Many teachers feel frustrated as they spend the majority of their classroom management time on the same few children each day. Researchers (Conroy, Sutherland, Haydon, Stormont, Harmon, 2009) suggest that around 70% of behavior management time is spent on the same 20% of student. Ratcliff. Jones, Costner, Savage-Davis, and Hunt (2010) found a pattern of student misbehavior followed by attempts to correct the behavior that failed, resulting in increased time and attention on misbehavior instead of instruction. Over the course of several years of negative interactions these students begin to see themselves as failures. Henricsson and Rydell (2004) have noted that self-perception is formed through interactions with others and the reduced number of positive interactions children with behavior problems experience put them at risk for low-self esteem. Henricsson and Rydell (2004) also note teacher criticism is associated with student stress, increased feelings of helplessness, and increased negative self-judgments. Many children with severe behavior problems have significant emotional trauma, serious emotional losses, and deficits in social skills. These problems are often never officially diagnosed or professionally treated despite theeffects on the children. Kehel, Bray, and Theodore (2004... ... Abrams, L., & Vo, A. (2010). Improving Interactions Between Teachers and Young Children with Problem Behavior: A Strengths-Based Approach. Exceptionality, 18(2), 70-81. Delveaux, K. D., & Daniels, T. (2000). Children's social cognitions: physically and relationally aggressive strategies and children's goals in peer conflict situations. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 46(4), 672-692. Morrow, M. T., Hubbard, J. A., Rubin, R. M., & McAuliffe, M. D. (2008). The Relation between Childhood Aggression and Depressive Symptoms: The Unique and Joint Mediating Roles of Peer Rejection and Peer Victimization. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 54(3), 316-340. Fleming, C. B., Haggerty, K. P., & Catalano, R. F. (2005). Do Social and Behavioral Characteristics Targeted by Preventive Interventions Predict Standardized Test Scores and Grades?. Journal Of School Health, 75(9), 342-349.

Utopia by Thomas More and The Prince by Machiavelli Essay -- More Utop

Utopia by Thomas More and The Prince by Machiavelli Thomas More’s Utopia and Machiavelli’s The Prince both concern themselves with the fundamental issues of how a society works and maintains itself. The goals behind the two works, however, differ considerably. The goal of Utopia is to illustrate the maintenance of an â€Å"ideal† society and the goal of The Prince is to instruct a prince, or ruler, on how to maintain his state. On the surface these two goals may seem similar but the difference lies in the way the authors handle the subject of power. As a manual, or handbook if you will, Prince treats power as a necessity, a goal, to be worked towards and maintained, almost at all costs. Utopia, a fantasy, treats power as something all individuals have; rather, they are empowered. By comparing the way both works use and treat point of view and form, governmental systems and ideals the differences in perspective on power becomes clearer. Ideas are brought forth differently in both works through narrative point of view and style. These two different ways reflect the views of power the authors hold. The Prince is told in a matter of fact tone, its purpose being to inform a prince on how to run his kingdom. Inherent in this purpose is a key to Mach’s view of power. Because it was written for the use of one man to dominate over and control his kingdom/state, it was obviously not meant for lesser mortals. It in itself is a tool of power which could be used for only the good of the prince who uses it. Whether or not the people are empowered does not matter, it is irrelevant. It only matters that the prince uses it to maintain his own power. In contrast, Utopia is a fanta... ... word ‘virtu’ over and over again, it is made clear that his virtue is not that of More’s. Power is implied in the very essence of Machiavelli’s writing. It is tied in with the greed, selfishness, and his â€Å"do anything to maintain the state† attitude. Even though Machiavelli passionately invokes the idea of his Italy brought back to life in the Exhortation, his motives are still selfish in nature; to look at an even broader term, his motives are nationalistic which is the idea of a nation being egocentric. In this respect he is also contradictory to More in that More’s ideas are for the good of human kind, not just for one nation. Ideals like justice and truth, which are the basis for More’s invention, make it impossible for him to do anything but claim power as the source of corruption in society while Machiavelli praises it.

Amerindian History Essay

The history of Trinidad begins with the settlement of the island by Amerindians. This dates back to at least 7000 years at Banwari Trace which is the oldest discovered human settlement in Eastern Caribbean. The Amerindian tribes were referred to by various names, example: Yaio, Garini, Nepuyo, Warac and many others. They were described as a peaceful people. The closest approximation to formal education was father’s instructions to boys in the use of tools, weapons, the lore, rites and religion of the group. These religions were particularly formalized by caciques or chief with respect to their sons. They were actively engaged in hunting, gathering fruits and shell fish as a means of survival. Their main staple was cassava. They traded with their neighbours on the mainland although they did not have a money economy. Christopher Columbus, before his third voyage had promised the queen of Spain, Queen Isabella that the first land he came upon would be named after the Holy Trinity. It was considered a miracle when the first land he sighted was the three peaks of the Trinity Hills. They anchored the next morning (1st August 1498) at Point Erin. On the second they sailed to Icacos Point and Anchored in the Gulf or Paria. After exploring the Gulf they anchored on the 12th August 1498 at Monkey Harbour on Charcachacare Island. On the 13th August 1498, they sailed through the Grand Boca and claimed the island of Trinidad and Tobago for Spain. Trinidad and Tobago was reported to be densely populated at the start of the colonial period. Although in 1510, Trinidad was said to have peaceful Indians along the whole South America Coast, the demand for slaves to supply the pearl fisheries in nearby Isla Margarita led to them being declared â€Å"Caribs† (thus, fair game for slaves) in 1511. As a consequence, Trinidad became the focus of the Spanish slaving raids. Under a system employed by the Spanish Crown (Encomienda System), a person was granted a specific number of natives for whom they were to take responsibility. The receivers if this grant were to protect the natives from warring tribes and to instruct them in the Spanish language and in the Catholic faith. In return, they could extract tribute from the natives in the form of labour, gold, or other products. Failure to comply with this usually led to extreme punishment and death. The Amerindians were against this encomienda system which was basically a form of slavery and they were also against conversion to Christianity. Their way of life as they knew it was no longer, in that, they would now have to follow the Spanish culture, example, learn and speak the Spanish language, attires would be that of the Spanish influence, they now planted cocoa instead of cassava, and they would now have to follow Christian faith. Under this system many Amerindians were wiped out. Spanish missions were established as part of the Spanish colonization here as in its other New World conquest. In 1687 the Catalan Capuchin frairs were given the responsibility for the conversion of the indigenous population of Trinidad and Tobago and the Guianas. In 1713, the missions were handed over to the secular clergy. Due to shortage of missionaries, although missions were established they often went without Christian instructions for long periods of time. Between 1687 and 1700 several missions were founded in Trinidad but only four survived as Amerindian villages throughout the eighteenth century. 1. La Anuncita de Savana Grande (Princes Town) 2. Purisima Concepcion de Maria Santisima de Guayri (San Fernando) 3. Santa Ana de Savaneta (Savonetta) 4. Santa Rosa de Arima (Arima) The mission of Santa Rosa de Arima was established in 1789 when Amerindians from the former encomiendas of Tacarigua and Arauca(Arouca) were relocated further west. On December 1st 1699 the Arena Massacre (also known as the Arena Uprising) took place. This was as a result of the tension between priests and Amerindians. Amerindian in an attempt to regain their freedom murdered many priest. After being hunted by the Spanish, some of the survivors (Amerindians) were reported to have committed suicide by jumping off cliffs into the sea, however some were captured. Although the Spanish settlement began in the 16th century, the population in 1783 was less than three thousand, the Majority being Amerindians. In 1783 the proclamation of the Cedula of Population (a law passes by the Spanish Crown) granted 32 acres of land to each Roman Catholic who settled in Trinidad and half as much for each slave that they brought. Under this law, incentives such as free land, and exemption from paying most taxes, were granted. Because of the Hatian Revolution, many people from the French islands saw this as incentive and migrated to Trinidad along with their culture and slaves. The French at this time would have planted Sugar Cane for the purpose of Trade which would have in turn improved the economy of Trinidad. A census in 1777 showed 2763 people, by the time 1797 the population 17,643, by 1960 the population was 827,957, by this time the population contained no Amerindians.

History of Graphics

As a doctor in Montreal, Bethink frequently sought out the poor and gave them free medical care. As a thoracic surgeon, he traveled to Spain (1936? 1 937) and to China (1938-1939) to perform battlefield surgical operations on war casualties. Created by Ghana Sin Guy. Huber People's Publishing House. [107] Culture and politics[edit] This magazine cover reproduced from an Orlando poster by Gusty Novel, depicts four famous Iranian writers of the 20th century (Gala Assam Bearing, All- Kafka Deckhand, and Sadie Headway). In order to create this color scheme the artist uses only two colors (orange and green) over a yellow background.By using a circular arrangement of faces she tries to achieve a balanced (1971). Richard Evaded was an American photographer. Evaded capitalized on his early success in fashion photography and expanded into the realm of fine art. This is a salaried poster portraits of the Battles, originally produced for 9 January 1967 edition of the American magazine Look. The Barack Obama â€Å"hope† poster is an Iconic Image of Barack Obama designed by artist Sheppard Faller. The Image became one of the most widely recognized symbols of Beam's campaign message, spawning many variations and imitations, including some commissioned by the Obama campaign.In January 2009, after Obama had won the election, Fairy's mixed-media stencil portrait version of the Image was acquired by the Smithsonian Institution for Its National Portrait Gallery. This political poster by Sociopath ?r L © about Ulster. Andrew Pavlov's poster of Poet IMMUNOASSAY (2003). This poster is a graphic 1 OFF (Constructivism) was almost always in demand in Russia and it can become one of principal trends now. Some of the contemporary Russian artists and art historians have already suggested the new term – Additive Constructivism.It emphasizes the return to modernism, which starts to significantly push out the postmodern art practices. It's not a postmodern performance. The Co nstructivist color solution proves that so it is. Do Computer aided graphic design in posters[edit] With the arrival of computer aided graphic design an assortment of novel effects, digital techniques, and innovative styles have been emerged in poster designs. With software such as Adobe Photos, Corer and Windows' Paint program, image editing as become very cheap, and artists can experiment easily with a variety of color schemes, filters and special effects.For instance, utilizing various filters of Photos, many artists have created â€Å"vectored† designs in posters where a photographic image is socialized, sharpened, rendered into watercolors or stained glass effects or converted into bare lines with block colors. Other designs created soft or blurry styles, ripple or cascade effects and other special filters. Advertising[edit] Graphic design is used in advertising to announce a persuasive message by an identified sponsor; or a promotion by a firm of its products to its exi sting and potential customers.Egyptians used papyrus to make sales messages and wall posters. Commercial messages and political campaign displays have been found in the ruins of Pompeii and ancient Arabia. Lost and found advertising on papyrus was common in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Wall or rock painting for commercial advertising is another manifestation of an ancient advertising form, which is present to this day in many parts of Asia, Africa, and South America. [110] Advertising in the 19th century[edit] This advertising flier from 1806 is for a traditional medicine called Keynesian.Display in the Eddo Tokyo Museum. This is a 19th-century advertising poster for the hydrotherapy baths of Bagels De Loren (France). This is a playbill for Perhaps Opera Vocalists, 1856. This poster from the second half of the asses advertises for Buffalo Bill's Wild West show, advertising â€Å"Miss Annie Oakley, the peerless lady wing-shot†. Advertising in the early 20th century[edit] T his is a French poster for Deadbeat et Alleviate. The Deadbeat & Alleviate was a French automobile, manufactured in Lyon from 1894 to 1901.This is a German poster by Frizz Ream for Leafier Cigarettes (published 1896-1900) Hanson Troupe in the most astonishing mid-air achievements ever accomplished. † â€Å"Drink Coca-Cola SC†, an asses advertising poster showing a woman in fancy clothes (partially vaguely influenced by 16th- and 17th-century styles) drinking Coke. German Plastic, â€Å"Poster style†[edit] In the early 20th century, Germany became the cradle of many of the avian-garden art movements particularly for posters. This created the â€Å"Plastic† or â€Å"Poster style† movement. This movement became very influential and had a considerable impact n the graphic design for posters.Posters in this style would feature few but strong colors, a sharp, non-cluttered, minimal composition and bold, clear types. [111] Ludwig Howling[edit] Howling Kara te Corps Germanic Munched 1913. JPG Ludwig Howling was born in Germany in 1874. He was trained and practiced as an architect until 1906 when he switched to poster design. Hellion's adaptations of photographic images was based on a deep and intuitive understanding of graphical principles. His creative use of color and architectural compositions dispels any suggestion that he uses photos as a substitute for creative design. Or Requite Praline Tea c. 920-1926. Howling was born in the Rhine-Main region of Germany, though he and his work are associated with Munich and Bavaria in southern Germany. There were two schools of Cheeseburger's in Germany at the time, North and South. Hellion's high tonal contrasts and a network of interlocking shapes made his work instantly recognizable. Poster historian Lain We'll comments that â€Å"Howling was the most prolific and brilliant German posterior of the 20th century†¦ Beginning with his first efforts, Howling found his style with disconcert ing facility. It would vary little for the next forty years.The drawing was perfect from the start, nothing seemed alien to him, and in any case, nothing posed a problem for him. His figures are full of touches of color and a play of light and shade that brings them out of their background and gives them substance†[112] Lucian Bernhard[edit] With nothing to lose, Lucian Bernhard entered a poster contest for the Priest Match Company. The Judges, found this poster bizarre, and ignored it. However Ernst Growled, sales manager for Berlins leading proto-advertising agency and poster renter, saw the discarded poster and exclaimed: â€Å"This is my first prize.

Ethics, Justice, and Fair Treatment in HR Management Essay

1. Table of Contents: Preface i. Ethics and Fair Treatment at Work ii. What Determines Ethical Behavior at Work? iii. How Managers Use Personnel Methods To Promote Ethics and Fair Treatment? iv. Managing Employee Discipline and Privacy v. Managing Dismissals 2. Why I Selected This Book/Article: For the Course HRMN250 Human Resource Management 3. Book Theme (Key Quote): â€Å"Ethics and fair treatment play important roles in managing employees at work. Of course, few societies rely solely on managers’ ethics or sense of fairness to ensure that they do what’s right by their employee.† 4. Abstract: I. Ethics and Fair Treatment at Work. Ethics are normative judgments based on questions of morality. Ethics refers to what you stand for whereas fairness and justice are seen in terms of a decision’s result and the process of arriving at the same. Many countries have laws and legislations governing worker’s rights, not leaving them solely to an employer’s ethics. II. What Determines Ethical Behavior at Work? Several influences may determine whether a person acts ethical or not at work. They include: the boss: the  company; the organizational culture aided by a code of ethics; and the person themselves. III. How Managers Use Personnel Methods To Promote Ethics and Fair Treatment? Personnel methods such as selection, ethics training, performance appraisals, reward and disciplinary systems, managing compliance and personnel related method for ensuring fair treatment are tools which managers use to promote ethics and fair treatment in the organization. IV. Managing Employee Discipline and Privacy. Employee discipline may be punitive or non-punitive but should be fair and progressive, with an appeal forum. Employee screening and background checks are useful appraisal tool but should respect privacy laws or be given employee consented. V. Managing Dismissals. Fairness should be communicated in the involuntary termination of an employee’s employment and should be upheld by contractual agreements that show support for the same between the firm and the employee to avoid wrongful discharge claims. Layoffs, downsizing or closing plants should be down strategically and cautiously within legislative frameworks. 5. Brief Discussion of Book/Article Units/Sections/Chapters: I. Ethics and Fair Treatment at Work A. Principles of conduct governing an individual or group and are based on 1. Normative Judgments a. Something is either good or bad 2. Question of morality a. Society’s highest standard of behavior B. â€Å"Few societies rely solely on managers’ ethics or sense of fairness to ensure that they do what’s right by their employee.† They instead: 1. Formulated legislations to a. Protect employees i. Employees rights b. Enforce laws C. Justice is separated by experts into 1. Distributive Justice that shows a decision’s result exhibits a. Fairness b. Justice 2. Procedural Justice shows a. Fairness of process II. What Determines Ethical Behavior at Work? A. The person 1. The person most responsible for his or her own behavior B. The boss 1. Several elements of leadership determine ethical behavior including exhibiting a. Coercion b. Pressure c. Unfair/bias treatment of employee C. The organization’s culture including 1. The characteristics values, tradition and behavior a company’s employees share 2. The firm’s leaders ability to a. Walk the talk b. Clarify expectations c. Provide needed support for employees to make ethical decisions d. Provide an ethical code which is i. A document memorializing the standard that the employer expects the employees to adhere to III. How Managers Use Personnel Methods To Promote Ethics and Fair Treatment including the following A. Selection processes such as 1. Performing background checks 2. Ask ethical questions in the interview 3. Be fair in recruitment process a. Use good selection tools b. Respect applicants c. Provide useful feedback 4. Have establish formal ethical procedures B. Ethics training which involves 1. Teaching employees how to recognized a. Dilemmas b. Implications of actions c. Resolve dilemmas 2. Managers commitment to ethics 3. Having new-employees’ orientation 4. Equipping employees’ with a. Handbooks and copy of code of ethics b. Refresher courses C. Performance Appraisals – these attest to how fair or ethical an organization is and should be to employees 1. Clear 2. Understandable 3. Objective 4. Rewarding of ethical behavior D. Reward and Discipline 1. Swift to punish unethical behaviors 2. Rewarding of ethical ones E. Managing Ethical Compliance – To ensure compliance to legal and organizational ethical standards companies can set up 1. Frameworks 2. Procedures 3. Departments F. Supervisors and Fairness 1. Involve employees in a. Decisions that affect them 2. Make all aware of standards of evaluation 3. Communication should be a. Two-ways b. Practical IV. Managing Employee Discipline and Privacy A. Enforcing discipline encourages sensible behavior 1. Fair justice and disciplining involves 3 pillars a. Rules and Regulations b. Employees’ handbook 2. System of progressive penalties a. Gives a sense of fairness and opportunity for remedial b. Depends on severity of infringement 3. Process of Appeal a. Gives a sense of fairness and opportunity for remedial B. Discipline can be punitive or nonpunitive 1. Nonpunitive includes a. Issuing oral reminder b. If incidents arise again within six weeks i. Formal written reminder placed on file c. Further incident i. Give one-day paid leave for employee to sort out self d. Further incident i. Dismissal C. Employee Privacy – 1. Several employer actions that triggers most violation include a. Background checks b. Monitoring off-duty conduct c. Drug testing d. Workplace searches 2. By-laws that protect the same a. No bathroom or locker-room surveillance b. Cannot publish private matter such as i. Medical records c. May not appropriate employees’ name or likeness for commercial use without consent 3. Employee monitoring- a. This includes i. Reading their emails incoming and outgoing ii. Blocking sites iii. Monitoring in/out times as per workplace 4. Restrictions and guidelines a. Electronic Communication Act which i. Makes eavesdropping of employee legal up to a point ii. States monitored calls if found to be personal should not be further monitored iii. Business purpose exception iv. Consent exception V. Managing Dismissals A. Dismissal 1. Involuntary termination of employment 2. Most drastic organizational disciplinary action 3. Requires special care 4. Should be based on proper grounds 5. Should be done after effort to i. Rehabilitate person ii. Salvage person B. Aspects include 1. Termination at will where a. No contractual obligation between both parties i. Either employee can be terminated at any point/any reason ii. Employee can resign at any time/reason 2. Wrongful Discharge- Include a. Dismissals that i. Violate law ii. Fails to comply with contractual agreement aa. Stated ab. Implied b. Statutory Exceptions which are i. Governing laws that prohibits some kind of dismissals such as aa. Reporting safety violation c. Common law exceptions d. Public Policy Exception – where employee refuses i. To break an explicit public law ii. Well establish public policy C. Grounds for dismissal include 1. Unsatisfactory performance, for example a. Tardiness b. Can’t perform duties applicable to employment c. Absenteeism issues 2. Misconduct 3. Lack of qualifications 4. Changed requirement for the job i. Nature of job ii. Job no longer required or available 5. Insubordination D. Fairness in dismissals entails a. Giving full explanation as to why b. Progressive approach c. Process of dismissal i. Who does it ii. How it is done iii. Where it is done iv. Follow up services for the dismissed E. Security measures as per dismissals a. Disabling the dismissed i. Access to compound ii. Computers and other equipment iii. Access to phones and other assets F. Avoiding wrongful dismissal lawsuits 1. Create perception of fairness in a. Employment policies b. Grievance procedures 2. Make employees feel they are treated fairly 3. All employment-related policies, procedures and documents should be a. Reviewed b. Referenced 4. Have employee sign a. A â€Å"no fixed term of employment contract† b. Or a termination at any time clause 5. Communicate job expectations clearly 6. Make personnel supervisors liable; they should a. Be familiar with applicable laws b. Not at in anger c. Utilize the HR department for advice D. The Termination Interview – where the employee is informed of their dismissal 1. Plan carefully a. Make sure schedule is kept by i. Person doing the dismissal ii. Employee b. Use neutral location i. Not your office c. Have security or medical numbers at hand d. Keep interview to maximum 10 minutes e. Have all needed documents 2. Get to the point 3. Describe the situation, don’t emphasize person’s fault 4. Listen 5. Speak calmly 6. Review all elements of severance package 7. Identify the next step for the dismissed such as a. Outplacement counseling b. Exit interview as to i. Get insight as to what the company is doing right or wrong E. Layoffs, Downsizing and the Plant Closing Law 1. These are non-disciplinary separation such as a. Retirement b. Resigning c. Layoffs/bump-off – i. Selecting employees to take time-off with the expectation to return to work in the future d. Downsizing – usually reducing dramatically the number of people employed by a firm 2. The plant Closing Law (Worker Adjustment and Retraining Act 1989) a. Firms of 100 or more workers must give at least 60 days’ notice before i. Closing down facility ii. Starting a layoff of 50 or more workers b. Doesn’t prevent organizations from shutting down c. Does not obligate firms to save job d. Does require adequate notice by employers to allow time for employees i. To job search ii. To retrain iii. To adjust to circumstances e. Penalty for infringement of this act include i. 1 day pay for everyday of the violation aa. That is, days when the notice should have been given F. Layoff Process 1. Plan for layoffs a. Have up-to-date appraisals in advance aa. This attests to rationale behind layoff procedure 2. Layoff implies softness a. Termination implies (cut off) 3. Layoff is characterized usually a. Work is not available b. Expected to be short term c. Expected recalling of employees at later date 4. Sensible Layoff Steps involves a. Identifying objectives and constraints b. Forming a downsizing team c. Addressing legal issues i. Reviewing factors of those being laid off including aa. Gender ab. Race ac. Religion d. Address security issues, including i. Personal ii. Infrastructural iii. Data e. Remain informative and truthful f. Plan post-implementation action i. Especially for remaining workers aa. Boost morale etc. 5. Dismissal Effect – plan to manage effect on a. Victims b. Survivors c. Managers i. Health 6. Layoff/Bump-off Procedures – detailed procedure determining who will be laid off it no work is available a. Survivors often chosen by i. Seniority aa. Based on date joining the firm not a particular position ii. Merit 7. Alternatives to layoffs a. Voluntary reduction in pay to keep everyone working b. Concentrating employees vacation during slow times i. Avoids having to hire seasonal workers c. Voluntary time off d. Offering early retirement packages e. Hiring temporary workers with the understanding that â€Å"they would be first to go† G. Adjusting to Downsizing and Layoffs 1. Downsizing a. Usually to boost financial position of the organization b. Boosting the morale of survivors and management is essential 2. Mergers and Acquisition a. Employees may now be hypersensitive as to unfair treatment management must i. Avoid appearing dominant ii. Avoid â€Å"win-lose† behavior iii. Remain business-like and professional always iv. Remain positive about acquired firms v. Remember that how the organization treats acquired employees affects aa. Organizational morale ab. Productivity ac. Commitment VI. Practitioner/Researcher Value of Book: A. The practitioner value of the book – The chapter â€Å"Ethics, Justice and Fair Treatment in HR Management† is of great practitioner value for several reasons. These reasons include firstly, the chapter’s readableness (the state or quality of being readable). The chapter has a uniform layoff where its main points or learning outcomes are indicated in an emboldened blue font of serif. Subtopics within these learning outcomes are given emboldened  red fonts of sans serif and further subtopics are indicated using emboldened green fonts of sans serif. Thus the chapter is uniformly organized and makes for easy reading and finding of key concepts and other information. Definitions are clearly highlighted at the foot of each page that has a gray background. The chapters’ practitioner’s value is shown also by the several tables and charts that conveniently summarize large amounts of information making for quick referencing by any practitioner. An example of this includes figure 14-12 on page 553, which shows the â€Å"Median Week of Severance Pay by Job Level†. This summative and quick reference format of key textbook and practical procedures for the issuance of severance is essentially useful to practitioners looking for reliable and timely solutions to everyday challenges. The chapter’s practitioner value is further attested to by several case studies and practical examples that show the key concepts presented being use in the real world and having practical application and relevance. Several case studies including that involving the infamous Enron (page 562) presents to the practitioner the relevance and implication of ethics by an organization. Comprehensive case studies are also presented at the end of the book in Appendix B such as that which deals with the ethical underpinnings of conduct of BP Texas management in relations to the March 2005 explosion. Practicality of the book/chapter is attested to by examples like that on page 547-48 which presents an example of employee monitoring software, thus presenting to practitioner a practical example of the concept of employee monitoring and furthermore giving a suggested tool to implement the same. Finally the chapter’s practitioner value is depicted by several step-by-step procedures that give the practitioner easy and ready to use procedures that they can easily implement for results and solutions. Page 546 gives an example of this for disciplining employees without punishment offering a readily available reference tool and guide for the practitioner to administer the same. B. The researcher value of the book The chapter (book) contains prodigious referencing. From its charts to tables to defining of key terms are given full reference linking information to their authors, websites and primary sources. Each chapter has its own endnote reference listing which gives all sources referenced as per the chapter. The sources are mainly in the form of scholarly journals and  articles attesting to the credibility of the information presented in the chapter. This chapter in question has about a WHOPPING 117 sources as per the information presented therein. Sources are easily verifiable. The books content are easily accessible as it contains an extension name and organization index with some 1200 entries. Its subject index is quite impressive as well in terms of its precision of search terms, concepts and points. The book/chapter presents an impressive Evidence Based HR section that presents evidence of how managers manage based on facts and evidence lending credence to the usefulness, credibility, applicability of the information presented. The book also presents authoritative findings and guidelines from professional bodies including The Society of Human Resource Management or SHRM as well as brief In-Text Study Guide from the SHRM organization. I therefore fully believe that the book is fully valuable to the researcher. VII. Final Impact Statement: In terms of ethics, justice and fair treatment in human resource management, we glean the importance of firstly the individual having a firm ethical framework, the organization also fostering the same and the society which embellishes the same. Governments are the regulating and enforcing entities of the same. We note in closing the authors remarks: â€Å"Of course, few societies rely solely on managers’ ethics or sense of fairness to ensure that they do what’s right by [to] their employees.† (Dessler, 2011, p. 533.). Instead we see legislations are used which at the minimum, organizations tend to subscribe to, and which satisfies both parties.

East and West by Rabindranath Tagore Essay

I It is not always a profound interest in man that carries travellers nowadays to distant lands. More often it is the facility for rapid movement. For lack of time and for the sake of convenience we generalise and crush our human facts into the packages within the steel trunks that hold our travellers’ reports. Our knowledge of our own countrymen and our feelings about them have slowly and unconsciously grown out of innumerable facts which are full of contradictions and subject to incessant change. They have the elusive mystery and fluidity of life. We cannot define to ourselves what we are as a whole, because we know too much; because our knowledge is more than knowledge. It is an immediate consciousness of personality, any evaluation of which carries some emotion, joy or sorrow, shame or exaltation. But in a foreign land we try to find our compensation for the meagreness of our data by the compactness of the generalisation which our imperfect sympathy itself helps us to form. When a stranger from the West travels in the Eastern world he takes the facts that displease him and readily makes use of them for his rigid conclusions, fixed upon the unchallengeable authority of his personal experience. It is like a man who has his own boat for crossing his village stream, but, on being compelled to wade across some strange watercourse, draws angry comparisons as he goes from every patch of mud and every pebble which his feet encounter. Our mind has faculties which are universal, but its habits are insular. There are men who become impatient and angry at the least discomfort when their habits are incommoded. In their idea of the next world they probably conjure up the ghosts of their slippers and dressing-gowns, and expect the latchkey that opens their lodging-house door on earth to fit their front door in the other world. As travellers they are a failure; for they have grown too accustomed to their mental easy-chairs, and in their intellectual nature love home co mforts, which are of local make, more than the realities of life, which, like earth itself, are full of ups and downs, yet are one in their rounded completeness. The modern age has brought the geography of the earth near to us, but made it difficult for us to come into touch with man. We go to strange lands and observe; we do not live there. We hardly meet men: but only specimens of knowledge. We are in haste to seek for general types and overlook individuals. When we fall into the habit of neglecting to use the understanding that comes of sympathy in our travels, our knowledge of foreign people grows insensitive, and therefore easily becomes both unjust and cruel in its character, and also selfish and contemptuous in its application. Such has, too often, been the case with regard to the meeting of Western people in our days with others for whom they do not recognise any obligation of kinship. It has been admitted that the dealings between different races of men are not merely between individuals; that our mutual understanding is either aided, or else obstructed, by the general emanations forming the social atmosphere. These emanations are our collective ideas and collective feelings, generated according to special historical circumstances. For instance, the caste-idea is a collective idea in India. When we approach an Indian who is under the influence of this collective idea, he is no longer a pure individual with his conscience fully awake to the judging of the value of a human being. He is more or less a passive medium for giving expression to the sentiment of a whole community. It is evident that the caste-idea is not creative; it is merely institutional. It adjusts human beings according to some mechanical arrangement. It emphasises the negative side of the individual–his separateness. It hurts the complete truth in man. In the West, also, the people have a certain collective idea that obscures their humanity. Let me try to explain what I feel about it. II Lately I went to visit some battlefields of France which had been devastated by war. The awful calm of desolation, which still bore wrinkles of pain–death-struggles stiffened into ugly ridges–brought before my mind the vision of a huge demon, which had no shape, no meaning, yet had two arms that could strike and break and tear, a gaping mouth that could devour, and bulging brains that could conspire and plan. It was a purpose, which had a living body, but no complete humanity to temper it. Because it was passion–belonging to life, and yet not having the wholeness of life–it was the most terrible of life’s enemies. Something of the same sense of oppression in a different degree, the same desolation in a different aspect, is produced in my mind when I realise the effect of the West upon Eastern life–the West which, in its relation to us, is all plan and purpose incarnate, without any superfluous humanity. I feel the contrast very strongly in Ja pan. In that country the old world presents itself with some ideal of perfection, in which man has his varied opportunities of self-revelation in art, in ceremonial, in religious faith, and in customs expressing the poetry of social relationship. There one feels that deep delight of hospitality which life offers to life. And side by side, in the same soil, stands the modern world, which is stupendously big and powerful, but inhospitable. It has no simple-hearted welcome for man. It is living; yet the incompleteness of life’s ideal within it cannot but hurt humanity. The wriggling tentacles of a cold-blooded utilitarianism, with which the West has grasped all the easily yielding succulent portions of the East, are causing pain and indignation throughout the Eastern countries. The West comes to us, not with the imagination and sympathy that create and unite, but with a shock of passion–passion for power and wealth. This passion is a mere force, which has in it the principle of separation, of conflict. I have been fortunate in coming into close touch with individual men and women of the Western countries, and have felt with them their sorrows and shared their aspirations. I have known that they seek the same God, who is my God–even those who deny Him. I feel certain that, if the great light of culture be extinct in Europe, our horizon in the East will mourn in darkness. It does not hurt my pride to acknowledge that, in the present age, Western humanity has received its mission to be the teacher of the world; that her science, through the mastery of laws of nature, is to liberate human souls from the dark dungeon of matter. For this very reason I have realised all the more strongly, on the other hand, that the dominant collective idea in the Western countries is not creative. It is ready to enslave or kill individuals, to drug a great people with soul-killing poison, darkening their whole future with the black mist of stupefaction, and emasculating entire races of men to the utmost degree of helplessness. It is wholly wanting in spiritual power to blend and harmonise; it lacks the sense of the great personality of man. The most significant fact of modern days is this, that the West has met the East. Such a momentous meeting of humanity, in order to be fruitful, must have in its heart some great emotional idea, generous and creative. There can be no doubt that God’s choice has fallen upon the knights-errant of the West for the service of the present age; arms and armour have been given to them; but have they yet realised in their hearts the single-minded loyalty to their cause which can resist all temptations of bribery from the devil? The world to-day is offered to the West. She will destroy it, if she does not use it for a great creation of man. The materials for such a creation are in the hands of science; but the creative genius is in Man’s spiritual ideal. III When I was young a stranger from Europe came to Bengal. He chose his lodging among the people of the country, shared with them their frugal diet, and freely offered them his service. He found employment in the houses of the rich, teaching them French and German, and the money thus earned he spent to help poor students in buying books. This meant for him hours of walking in the mid-day heat of a tropical summer; for, intent upon exercising the utmost economy, he refused to hire conveyances. He was pitiless in his exaction from himself of his resources, in money, time, and strength, to the point of privation; and all this for the sake of a people who were obscure, to whom he was not born, yet whom he dearly loved. He did not come to us with a professional mission of teaching sectarian creeds; he had not in his nature the least trace of that self-sufficiency of goodness, which humiliates by gifts the victims of its insolent benevolence. Though he did not know our language, he took every occasion to frequent our meetings and ceremonies; yet he was always afraid of intrusion, and tenderly anxious lest he might offend us by his ignorance of our customs. At last, under the continual strain of work in an alien climate and surroundings, his health broke down. He died, and was cremated at our burning-ground, according to his express desire. The attitude of his mind, the manner of his living, the object of his life, his modesty, his unstinted self-sacrifice for a people who had not even the power to give publicity to any benefaction bestowed upon them, were so utterly unlike anything we were accustomed to associate with the Europeans in India, that it gave rise in our mind to a feeling of love bordering upon awe. We all have a realm, a private paradise, in our mind, where dwell deathless memories of persons who brought some divine light to our life’s experience, who may not be known to others, and whose names have no place in the pages of history. Let me confess to you that this man lives as one of those immortals in the paradise of my individual life. He came from Sweden, his name was Hammargren. What was most remarkable in the event of his coming to us in Bengal was the fact that in his own country he had chanced to read some works of my great countryman, Ram Mohan Roy, and felt an immense veneration for his genius and his character. Ram Mohan Roy lived in the beginning of the last century, and it is no exaggeration when I describe him as one of the immortal personalities of modern time. This young Swede had the unusual gift of a far-sighted intellect and sympathy, which enabled him even from his distance of space and time, and in spite of racial differences, to realise the greatness of Ram Mohan Roy. It moved him so deeply that he resolved to go to the country which produced this great man, and offer her his service. He was poor, and he had to wait some time in England before he could earn his passage money to India. There he came at last, and in reckless generosity of love utterly spent himself to the last breath of his life, away from home and kindred and all the inheritances of his motherland. His stay among us was too short to produce any outward result. He failed even to achieve during his life what he had in his mind, which was to found by the help of his scanty earnings a library as a memorial to Ram Mohan Roy, and thus to leave behind him a visible symbol of his devotion. But what I prize most in this European youth, who left no record of his life behind him, is not the memory of any service of goodwill, but the precious gift of respect which he offered to a people who are fallen upon evil times, and whom it is so easy to ignore or to humiliate. For the first time in the modern days this obscure individual from Sweden brought to our country the chivalrous courtesy of the West, a greeting of human fellowship. The coincidence came to me with a great and delightful surprise when the Nobel Prize was offered to me from Sweden. As a recognition of individual merit it was of great value to me, no doubt; but it was the acknowledgment of the East as a collaborator with the Western continents, in contributing its riches to the common stock of civilisation, which had the chief significance for the present age. It meant joining hands in comradeship by the two great hemispheres of the human world across the sea. IV To-day the real East remains unexplored. The blindness of contempt is more hopeless than the blindness of ignorance; for contempt kills the light which ignorance merely leaves unignited. The East is waiting to be understood by the Western races, in order not only to be able to give what is true in her, but also to be confident of her own mission. In Indian history, the meeting of the Mussulman and the Hindu produced Akbar, the object of whose dream was the unification of hearts and ideals. It had all the glowing enthusiasm of a religion, and it produced an immediate and a vast result even in his own lifetime. But the fact still remains that the Western mind, after centuries of contact with the East, has not evolved the enthusiasm of a chivalrous ideal which can bring this age to its fulfilment. It is everywhere raising thorny hedges of exclusion and offering human sacrifices to national self-seeking. It has intensified the mutual feelings of envy among Western races themselves, as th ey fight over their spoils and display a carnivorous pride in their snarling rows of teeth. We must again guard our minds from any encroaching distrust of the individuals of a nation. The active love of humanity and the spirit of martyrdom for the cause of justice and truth which I have met with in the Western countries have been a great lesson and inspiration to me. I have no doubt in my mind that the West owes its true greatness, not so much to its marvellous training of intellect, as to its spirit of service devoted to the welfare of man. Therefore I speak with a personal feeling of pain and sadness about the collective power which is guiding the helm of Western civilisation. It is a passion, not an ideal. The more success it has brought to Europe, the more costly it will prove to her at last, when the accounts have to be rendered. And the signs are unmistakable, that the accounts have been called for. The time has come when Europe must know that the forcible parasitism which she has been practising upon the two large Continents of the world–the two most unwieldy whales of humanity–must be causing to her moral nature a gradual atrophy and degenera tion. As an example, let me quote the following extract from the concluding chapter of From the Cape to Cairo, by Messrs. Grogan and Sharp, two writers who have the power to inculcate their doctrines by precept and example. In their reference to the African they are candid, as when they say, â€Å"We have stolen his land. Now we must steal his limbs.† These two sentences, carefully articulated, with a smack of enjoyment, have been more clearly explained in the following statement, where some sense of that decency which is the attenuated ghost of a buried conscience, prompts the writers to use the phrase â€Å"compulsory labour† in place of the honest word â€Å"slavery†; just as the modern politician adroitly avoids the word â€Å"injunction† and uses the word â€Å"mandate.† â€Å"Compulsory labour in some form,† they say, â€Å"is the corollary of our occupation of the country.† And they add: â€Å"It is pathetic, but it is history,† implying thereby that moral sentiments have no serious effect in the history of human beings. Elsewhere they write: â€Å"Either we must give up the country commercially, or we must make the African work. And mere abuse of those who point out the impasse cannot change the facts. We must decide, and soon. Or rather the white man of South Africa will decide.† The authors also confess that they have seen too much of the world â€Å"to have any lingering belief that Western civilisation benefits native races.† The logic is simple–the logic of egoism. But the argument is simplified by lopping off the greater part of the premise. For these writers seem to hold that the only important question for the white men of South Africa is, how indefinitely to grow fat on ostrich feathers and diamond mines, and dance jazz dances over the misery and degradation of a whole race of fellow-beings of a different colour from their own. Possibly they believe that moral laws have a special domesticated breed of comfortable concessions for the service of the people in power. Possibly they ignore the fact that commercial and political cannibalism, profitably practised upon foreign races, creeps back nearer home; that the cultivation of unwholesome appetites has its final reckoning with the stomach which has been made to serve it. For, after all, man is a spiritual being, and not a mere living money-bag jumping from profit to profit, and breaking the backbone of human races in its financial leapfrog. Such, however, has been the condition of things for more than a century; and to-day, trying to read the future by the light of the European conflagration, we are asking ourselves everywhere in the East: â€Å"Is this frightfully overgrown power really great? It can bruise us from without, but can it add to our wealth of spirit? It can sign peace treaties, but can it give peace?† It was about two thousand years ago that all-powerful Rome in one of its eastern provinces executed on a cross a simple teacher of an obscure tribe of fishermen. On that day the Roman governor felt no falling off of his appetite or sleep. On that day there was, on the one hand, the agony, the humiliation, the death; on the other, the pomp of pride and festivity in the Governor’s palace. And to-day? To whom, then, shall we bow the head? Kasmai devaya havisha vidhema? (To which God shall we offer oblation?) We know of an instance in our own history of India, when a great personality, both in his life and voice, struck the keynote of the solemn music of the soul–love for all creatures. And that music crossed seas, mountains, and deserts. Races belonging to different climates, habits, and languages were drawn together, not in the clash of arms, not in the conflict of exploitation, but in harmony of life, in amity and peace. That was creation. When we think of it, we see at once what the confusion of thought was to which the Western poet, dwelling upon the difference between East and West, referred when he said, â€Å"Never the twain shall meet.† It is true that they are not yet showing any real sign of meeting. But the reason is because the West has not sent out its humanity to meet the man in the East, but only its machine. Therefore the poet’s line has to be changed into something like this: Man is man, machine is machine, And never the twain shall wed. You must know that red tape can never be a common human bond; that official sealing-wax can never provide means of mutual attachment; that it is a painful ordeal for human beings to have to receive favours from animated pigeonholes, and condescensions from printed circulars that give notice but never speak. The presence of the Western people in the East is a human fact. If we are to gain anything from them, it must not be a mere sum-total of legal codes and systems of civil and military services. Man is a great deal more to man than that. We have our human birthright to claim direct help from the man of the West, if he has anything great to give us. It must come to us, not through mere facts in a juxtaposition, but through the spontaneous sacrifice made by those who have the gift, and therefore the responsibility. Earnestly I ask the poet of the Western world to realise and sing to you with all the great power of music which he has, that the East and the West are ever in search of ea ch other, and that they must meet not merely in the fulness of physical strength, but in fulness of truth; that the right hand, which wields the sword, has the need of the left, which holds the shield of safety. The East has its seat in the vast plains watched over by the snow-peaked mountains and fertilised by rivers carrying mighty volumes of water to the sea. There, under the blaze of a tropical sun, the physical life has bedimmed the light of its vigour and lessened its claims. There man has had the repose of mind which has ever tried to set itself in harmony with the inner notes of existence. In the silence of sunrise and sunset, and on star-crowded nights, he has sat face to face with the Infinite, waiting for the revelation that opens up the heart of all that there is. He has said, in a rapture of realisation: â€Å"Hearken to me, ye children of the Immortal, who dwell in the Kingdom of Heaven. I have known, from beyond darkness, the Supreme Person, shining with the radiance of the sun.† The man from the East, with his faith in the eternal, who in his soul had met the touch of the Supreme Person–did he never come to you in the West and speak to you of the Kingdom of Heaven? Did he not unite the East and the West in truth, in the unity of one spiritual bond between all children of the Immortal, in the realisation of one great Personality in all human persons? Yes, the East did once meet the West profoundly in the growth of her life. Such union became possible, because the East came to the West with the ideal that is creative, and not with the passion that destroys moral bonds. The mystic consciousness of the Infinite, which she brought with her, was greatly needed by the man of the West to give him his balance. On the other hand, the East must find her own balance in Science–the magnificent gift that the West can bring to her. Truth has its nest as well as its sky. That nest is definite in structure, accurate in law of construction; and though it has to be changed and rebuilt over and over again, the need of it is never-ending and its laws are eternal. For some centuries the East has neglected the nest-building of truth. She has not been attentive to learn its secret. Trying to cross the trackless infinite, the East has relied solely upon her wings. She has spurned the earth, till, buffeted by storms, her wings are hurt and she is tired, sorely needing help. But has she then to be told that the messenger of the sky and the builder of the nest shall never meet?

The relationship between business and Psychological , and how the Research Proposal

The relationship between business and Psychological , and how the psychological influence on business - Research Proposal Example Psychology as a system of life experience is familiar to each human being (Franzoi, 1996). Social psychology stands apart among all other branches of psychological science. The combination of these two words itself is an indicator of the specific place of this science. Having emerged at the interface between two other sciences – sociology and psychology – social psychology still preserves its independent status. There are various reasons for it but the principle among them is existence of a certain set of social phenomena that cannot be explained either within psychology or within sociology. Sociology studied the society in general, psychology studied processes that took place inside human brains, but none of them was interested in influence of people on each other or influence of group on people. Social psychology is â€Å"†¦the scientific discipline that attempts to understand and explain how the thought, feeling, and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others† (Allport, 1985, p.3). In other words this branch of psychology studies the logic of social behavior of separate people or groups and thus helps to define reasons or forecast their behavior under certain circumstances. Due to this social psychology can be effectively applied to nearly all spheres of human life and work. The management of employee relations is one of the most important spheres of modern business. Knowledge of the basic principles of social psychology can be very helpful in understanding major driving-forces of people’s behavior, their motivation, etc. These include the principle of social construction of reality, the persuasiveness of social influence, several motivational and processing principles. People always strive for mastery, which means they try to comprehend and forecast events in the social world in order to obtain encouragement. They enjoy feeling experienced and effective and will do their best to

Final year project computing with business Dissertation

Final year project computing with business - Dissertation Example 40 Appendix C 40 Abstract A search through literature from various secondary sources shows that there is not much focus on the salon business when it comes to electronic commerce. Even though there are isolated sources that talk about different and independent components of the subject of e-commerce and the salon businesses, there cannot be found much specific literature that relates e-commerce directly to the salon business. There could be a number of reasons accounting for such gaps in literature. E-commerce has actually been appreciated as a platform that makes the conduct of businesses very rapid and forthcoming. This is because it generally ensures that the small working place of a particular business venture gains a global status by having its presence registered in every corner of the world where internet services can be accessed. The study was conducted to bring out the problem with the numerous cases of congestion at salons and the frequent disappointments that customers enc ountered. The study was conducted with the notion that if the identified problem was adequately dealt with, salon operators and customers could adequately plan their times to ensure that customers are placed at the best times they could receive service. Once this is done on the wings of e-commerce, there can be the assurance that there will be improved satisfaction of work. This can also increase profitability for salon owners. Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study The impact of technology on human life is certainly overwhelming, specifically when mention is made of computers and for that matter the internet. Today, the internet has become a one stop centre where almost everything a person needs in a day to make his life complete can be found (Winner, 2008). But even as the popularity and usefulness of the internet advances, businesses and business operators in various industry sectors have taken advantage of the situation to advance their trade and make their revenues grow. One of the most crucial and important ways in which businesses make use of the internet is through electronic commerce, commonly referred to as e-commerce. Through e-commerce, a lot of activities take place on the internet, including advertisement of products and services, window shopping, search for products and services, sale and purchase of products and services, the booking of appointment services, and the payment of products and services (Virilio, 2008). It would however be noted that most e-commerce that take place among various companies and business ventures; no matter how large or small they are, take place via the use of specific websites. Such websites